Internal dynamic mechanism con-sists of cluster effect mechanism and factor substitution mecha-nism,while external dynamic mechanism is composed of market-driven mechanism,government-oriented and stimulated mechanism and technology innovation mechanism.
其中,内在动力机制主要由聚集效应机制和要素替代机制两方面组成,外生动力主要包括市场驱动机制、政府导向与激励机制、技术创新机制等方面。
参考来源 - 城市土地集约利用动力机制研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
所谓劳动力密集型产业，是在世界范围内仍无法用非劳动力要素替代或替代成本过高，仍必须大量使用劳动力要素的产业。
So called labor intensive estate USES a lot of labor element under the condition that labor element can't be superseded, or superseding cost is too high in the world.
从要素替代弹性的角度推导了技术进步影响劳动生产率变动的不同测定模型，并在此基础上进行了模型的应用及比较分析。
This article arrives at different models determining the influence of improvement of technology on production rate when considering elasticity of substitution.
牙膏包装设计中，文字作为最主要的视觉表达要素之一，在包装设计是具有不可替代的作用。
Toothpaste packaging design, text, as a major factor of the visual expression in packaging design is an irreplaceable role.
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