加拿大多伦多约克大学的学者将这次调查中的自恋定义为：“一种普遍的自我夸大模式，寻求仰慕以及自负的情感。”
Narcissism is defined in the survey, by a researcher at York University in Toronto, Canada, as "a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and an exaggerated sense of self-importance."
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