泌尿系结石是泌尿系统最常见的疾病之一，上尿路结石的发病率高于下尿路结石。肾结石占上尿路结石半数以上。结石可引起尿路梗阻致肾积水和肾功能减退，若并发感染，可加速肾脏损害，双侧病变如不进行有效处理，可导致尿毒症，甚至死亡。目前结石的处理多通过微创或无创的手术方式，开放手术已较少采用。
【名称】无萎缩性肾切开取石术(Anatrophic Nephrolithotomy)【概述】肾动脉主干在肾门处或肾窦分为前、后两支，进入肾实质后，各支缺乏相互的侧支循环。肾动脉前后.
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非萎缩性肾切开取石术 anatrophic nephrolithotomy
肾盂切开取石术 pyelolithotomy ; pelvilithotomy
凝血块肾盂切开取石术 coagulum pyelolithotomy
扩大的肾盂切开取石术 extended pyelolithotomy
肾实质切开取石术 Nephrolithotomy
肾盂输尿管切开取石术 pyelolithotomy and ureterolithotomy
方法采用肾盂背侧肾实质切开取石术治疗巨大鹿角形肾结石患者78例。
Methods 78 patients with giant staghorn calculi were treated by incision of renal posterior lip and pyelolithotomy.
方法：采用肾窦内肾盂加肾后下段肾实质联合切开取石术治疗复杂性肾结石30例。
Methods:30 cases with complexity renal lithiasis were treated with an incision of the intrarenal sinus and postrenal low segment.
目的探讨原位低温阻断肾血管肾实质切开取石术治疗复杂性肾结石的效果。
Objective to assess the effect of renal parenchyma lithotomy by hypothermic renal vascular block for complicated renal calculi.
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