本文根据圆柱孔扩张理论分析了在单桩周围和群桩内部土中产生的打桩挤压应力，并与室内模型试验和工程实录资料作了比较。

Based on the cylindrical cavity expansion theory, the squeeze stress induced by pile driving in soils around a pile and inside cluster of piles is analyzed.

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基原类群分布区的快速扩张可能是川乌药材道地性形成的主要遗传分化模式。

Range expansion of the original plants was likely the main genetic differentiation model for the formation of genuine character of Chuanwu.

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在给出它的若干特征之后，指出这一类半群也是群的矩阵的幂零元-理想扩张，但反之未必成立。

Also, after some prelimenaries, We have Obtained that the semigroup is further nil-extension of the matrix of groups, but the converse is not all true.

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