上层设计有各种类型的卡环，与基牙直接接触并将各基牙连成一个整体，起固位、卡抱的作用，维持义齿的稳定。
All kinds of clasps are designed on the upper base, which contact with each abutment directly for the function of retention and clasping and stabilize the denture.
其在维持氧稳定、细胞能量代谢、肿瘤血管生成及转移、细胞增殖与凋亡等诸多方面起着重要作用。
HIF-1 plays crucial roles in oxygen homeostasis, cell energy metabolisms, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, cell proliferation and apoptosis.
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