上述过程可以通过应用不同样本进行反复求解，以获得的最优方案间差异的统计估计值。
This process is repeated with different samples to obtain solutions along with statistical estimates of their optimality gaps.
一定要注意，确定性因子实际上是一个统计学概率的估计值，表示正确识别目录的概率。
It is important to note that the certainty factor is actually an estimate of the statistical likelihood that the category was identified correctly.
优化器根据可用的统计信息计算基数的估计值，即预计查询返回的行数。
The optimizer calculates its cardinality estimate — that is, the estimated number of rows returned by the query — based on the statistics available.
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