水平井钻井、砾石充填及冲砂等作业都涉及到固液两相流动的固体颗粒起动问题。
Incipient motion of solid grain in solid-liquid two \ | phase flow is often concerned in many petroleum technologies, such as horizontal drilling, gravel-packing and sand washing.
由于携砂液向地层的滤失以及通过筛管缝隙的流体质量交换，水平井砾石充填过程中冲筛、井筒环空两个流动系统均为复杂的变质量流。
During the process of gravel-packing in horizontal Wells, there are the filtration flow of the carrier fluid to the formation and the exchange flow through the screen slots.
在水力压裂期间输送支撑剂的流体，通常为油、水、泡沫或稠化液。在砾石充填期间输送砾石的流体也称为携带液。
The fluid, usually oil, water, foam, or gelled fluid that transports the proppants during hydraulic fracturing. The fluid that transports gravel during gravel packing is also called carrying fluid.
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