当电池有电流通过，使电位偏离了平衡电位的现象，称为电极极化。过电势就是实际电势与平衡电势的差值，被用来衡量极化的程度。电池极化现象在常见电池如铅酸电池、锂电池、镍氢电池中均存在。
因此，为了降低电池极化损失，必须优化沉积工艺对界面形貌的影响。
Consequently, it is necessary to optimize the deposition processes related to interfacial morphology in order to reduce the cell polarization loss.
否则，从电池电极吸取的电流将会在电极的内阻上产生电压降并可能使电池极化。
Otherwise, the current drawn from the cell electrodes will cause a voltage drop across the internal resistance of the electrode and may polarize the cell.
使用发泡镍可降低电极的极化，改善电池的大电流放电性能。
The polarization of electrode decreased and the heavy load discharge performance of battery were improved by using foamed nickel.
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