生态隔离是指生活在同一地区的同种个体,由于各自占据不同的生活场所,要求不同的生活条件,因此彼此不相接触而造成的隔离。 生态隔离是由于食性、生活习性和栖息地点的不同,使几个亲缘关系接近的类群之间交配不易成功的隔离机制。例如,曾有报道:5种近缘雀在树冠的不同层次捕食不同的昆虫,以及营巢的位置和交配产卵的繁殖季节不同,所以它们虽然生活在同一片森林,甚至同一棵树上,也都因各有自己的生态位置而形成生殖隔离。
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研究人员称,自从冰川从湖中诞生,创造了这样寒冷,黑暗,无氧的生态环境时起,这种细菌菌落已被隔离了约150万多年。
The bacteria colony has been isolated there for about 1.5 million years, researchers say, ever since the glacier rolled over the lake and created a cold, dark, oxygen-poor ecosystem.
根据预测,随着被称为智能手机的设备销售量在2011年超越PC,它们不再是IT部门眼中被隔离的讨厌鬼,而是IT生态环境中不可分割的一部分。
With the sales of so-called smartphones projected to exceed the sales of PCs by 2011, they are no longer an isolated nuisance for corporate it departments but an integral part of their it ecology.
研究者指出,驯鹿存活了下来是因为高产、高的生态环境适应性以及持续的由距离引起低隔离程度。
The researchers suggest this animal survived because of high levels of fecundity and ecological flexibility and continuing low levels of isolation by distance.
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