直接的竞争可能会强烈刺激它们降低价格，也许是通过接受更低的利润率或者要求供应商提供更好的交易条件。

The head-to-head competition might give them a strong incentive to lower their prices, perhaps by accepting slimmer profit margins or demanding better deals from providers.

youdao

虽然提高砍伐树木转化为木材产品的效率可能会降低收获率，但它将通过增加供应和降低价格来刺激需求，从而促进消费。

Although improved efficiency in converting harvested trees into wood products may reduce harvest rates, it will stimulate demand by increasing supply and lowering prices, thereby boosting consumption.

youdao

那我们怎样才能从贴现率得到价格呢？

So, how do we get the price from the discount rate?

youdao

She is also a PhD candidate in Economics and is doing research on the behavior of options prices in a phenomenon called the "Options smile," as she's smiling at me right now.

她也在攻读经济学博士学位,目前正在研究"期权微笑",也就是,期权隐含波动率微笑现象中的价格变动趋势,她现在正对我微笑呢

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选