一所充满浓烈体温和汗臭味道的房间中，在来自一扇小窗的光线照射下，可以看到几列蹲伏的囚犯，以及墙上密密麻麻的铁钉。每个铁钉上都挂着塑料袋，里面装着属于犯人的私人物品。

In a room thick with heat and sweat, light from a small window falls on rows of squatting prisoners and plastic bags of belongings hung from nails on every inch of the wall.

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为了消除这种效果，可以在闪光灯灯头上加一片不透明材料或黑色塑料泡沫板做的遮光片，以阻挡扩散的光线照射到被摄体。

To eliminate this effect, you can place a small piece of opaque material or black foam just long enough to block the direct part of the light from hitting your subject.

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例如，塑料有一个缺陷，不能长期暴露于太阳紫外线的照射中。

For instance, plastics have a known weakness to ultraviolet rays from the sun, and so long exposure might represent an issue.

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