冰岛是由于“热区”里的物质从地底深处涌起，把部分海底山脊推到空中而形成的国家。

Iceland is the result of a "hotspot" in which material rises from deep within the Earth, pushing part of this ridge up into the air.

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海底板块移动得离中部山脊越远，额外的热能给予板块的浮力就越大。

That extra thermal energy gives the ocean plates more buoyancy as they move farther away from the ridges.

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随着这种新地壳的冷却，它会在自身重力的作用下凹陷下去，这个过程被称为“沉降”。因此，在距离海洋中部山脊越远的地方，海底就应该越深。

As the new crust cools, it sinks under its own weight-a process called subsidence-so the seafloor should be deeper the farther it is from a mid-ocean ridge.

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