氏族是人类从原始社会开始自然形成的血缘组织。原始人过着群体的生活。每个群体的成员都是共同祖先的后代(不排除其中可能有收留或俘虏的外族成员);它们共同生活,共同生产, 共同战斗,财产公有并且有共同的语言、崇拜、葬地等。这种人群就构成一个氏族。每个氏族都有族名,用以区别不同的氏族。
尽管一些氏族合并成更大的氏族,而另一些氏族则分裂成更小的氏族,但母系氏族制度在这一整个时期一直保持着。
The system of matrilineal clans was maintained throughout this period, even though some clans merged to form larger groups while others divided into smaller descent groups.
摩梭人说,母系氏族制度有利于减少社会冲突。
People living here say the matriarchal system helps reduce conflicts inside their community.
而且,在氏族制度中已经打开了一系列其它的次要缺口。
Further, a number of minor breaches had also been made in the gentile constitution.
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