采场的顶柱作为永久矿柱损失，采场底柱、间柱等采场大量放矿完毕后，一次性进行回收。
The crown pillar of stope is permanent loss and not recoverable, while sill pillar and barrier pillar shall be recovered after the ore drawing work is completed.
因此研究桥梁短柱的抗震性能以及抗震加固性能对于减少桥梁破坏和损失具有重要的意义。
Consequently, it is quite meaningful to study the seismic resistance performance and retrofitting for reducing bridge damages and losses.
通过土柱模拟氮、磷素养分淋溶试验，研究了不同施肥处理下砖红壤氮、磷素淋溶损失特点。
The leaching characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers and their effects on ground water quality were investigated through soil column nitrogen and phosphorus leaching experiments.
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