如果只有一个观察者，或被观察者意识到他们被别人研究，容易产生有偏结果。

More likely to produce biased results if only one observer is present, or, if "subjects" are aware that they are being studied.

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结果：下颌偏位的健康有牙颌者中，在颌位矫正前后头部、肩部、腰部姿势变化者约有50%；

Results: In frontal cephalograms, 50% of subjects were found the changes of postures of head, shoulder and waist after treatment.

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RNFL测量结果在那些有睡眠呼吸暂停组中发现比在对照组中有统计意义上的显著偏薄。

Statistically significant thinner RNFL measurements were found in the group with sleep apnea than among controls.

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