晶体学家们一直认为所以的晶体都具有旋转对称性，这样当它们转动起来时候，从各方面来看都是一样的。
Crystallographers always believed that all crystals have rotational symmetry, so that when they are rotated, they look the same.
晶体学家阿伦·麦凯利用圆圈代表彭罗斯瓷砖砖角处的原子，建造了一个模型，然后计较了将会产生如何的一种衍射图案。
Crystallographer Alan Mackay built a model with circles representing atoms at the corners of Penroses tiles and calculated what sort of diffraction pattern it would produce.
运用X射线晶体学，科学家将大量的蛋白质或者病毒转换成了晶体形式，将其置于一束X射线光束之前。
In X-ray crystallography, scientists turn large quantities of a protein or virus into crystal form, placing it in front of an X-ray beam.
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