无性繁殖在林业中应用很普遍，而由树木发育阶段转变带来的成熟效应问题，一直是无性系造林的障碍。
Vegetative propagation is widely used in forestry, however, the maturation that due to phase changes during tree development is a huge obstacle.
植树造林已普遍作为减缓全球变暖的主要对策之一，其主导思想是利用森林的光合作用吸收大气中的CO_2。
Establishing new forests has been widely suggested as a means to reduce global warming, and the main idea is the CO_2 absorption by trees through photosynthesis.
目前，我国绝大对数地区营造的人工林均以用材林模式为主，为了保证造林初期的成活，初植密度普遍较大。
Nowadays, most of plantation are timber forest used in many area in China and for guaranteeing the high survival rate, the density of initial stocking of trees is generally large.
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