方钻杆旋转器已经很大程度地替代了旋链，而正是旋链造成了钻台上的大部分伤害事故。

The kelly spinner has largely replaced the infamous spinning chains, which were responsible for numerous injuries on the rig floor.

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DNA双螺旋链在复制和转录的过程中要在酶的催化下解旋，这是一个高度复杂的过程，目前还无法用物理学的方法来描述。

During the replication and transcription, DNA unwinds the double helix under the control of an enzyme. It is a very complex process beyond a physical description.

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许多文献报道证实，庞大的侧基或具有形成氢键能力的基团有利于聚合物主链形成稳定的螺旋构象，从而赋予材料高度的旋光活性和某些特殊功能。

In general, bulky side-chain and hydrogen bonding are in favor of the formation of stable helical conformation for polymers, which endows them with high optical property and some special performance.

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You then denature again, each one of these strands gets separated, primers bind, turn on the polymerase, a new strand is made.

然后你可以再次使产物链变性,使各链解旋,再结合引物,激活聚合酶,再生成新链

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

You can do that by gently adding heat and making it basic, but you make the two DNA strands separate.

你可以通过逐渐加温并使之碱化的方法,使双链DNA解旋

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

You first separated your DNA, let the primers bind, then turn on the enzyme, and it makes copies of each one of these.

首先解旋DNA双链,使引物结合,接着激活聚合酶,最终得到各链的复制产物

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选