在前人研究的基础上，对粘土涂抹作用造成的断层侧向封闭性进行了深入分析。
The paper analyses deeply on the lateral fault seal by clay smear on the basis of the precensors studies.
隧洞不良地质段包括断层、低强度的软弱夹层、地质构造发育的结构松散地层、非岩性粘土、高地应力地层和富水地层等。
The tunnel adverse geological faults include faultage, low strength, geological formation and development of loose, non-rock clay, high stress formation and water-rich strata.
例如向斜、背斜、断层、盐丘，冰碛层之下结晶岩的顶面起伏形态，矿体以及粘土矿床等。
Among such features may be synclines and anticlines, geological faults, salt domes, undulations of the crystalline bedrock under a cover of moraine, ore bodies, clay deposits and so on.
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