目的： 探索回肠代输尿管术中新的支架引流方式。
Purpose : To recommend a new stand draining method in ileal ureter .
目的探讨肝门部胆管恶性梗阻双侧支架引流的疗效、安全性。
Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of bilateral endoscopic drainage for malignant hilar obstruction.
目的：比较上尿路取石术后置内支架引流与外支架引流的优劣。
Purpose: to assess the advantage of urine drainage by double J ureteral stent or by percutaneous indwelling stent for upper urinary lithotomy.
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