隐喻和换喻作为修辞的典型形式，在意义的形成过程中发挥着重要作用。
As the typical forms of the figures, metaphor and metonymy play an important role in the formation of the meaning.
隐喻的翻译方法大致有四种：直译法、换喻法、明喻法和意译法。
There are four ways of metaphorical translation, which are literal translation, metonymy translation, simile translation and free translation.
换喻和隐喻一样，是认知的重要手段，因其普遍性，对于词义的衍生有着重要的贡献。
Metonymy, like metaphor, is also an important cognition means and because of its pervasiveness, contributes a lot to polysemy.
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