持家基因(house-keeping genes)，又称管家基因，是指所有细胞中均要稳定表达的一类基因，其产物是对维持细胞基本生命活动所必需的。如微管蛋白基因、糖酵解酶系基因与核糖体蛋白基因等。管家基因是一类始终保持着低水平的甲基化并且一直处于活性转录状态的基因。
近年来，很多研究者发现上述持家基因的表达水平并不稳定，利用它们作为内标来定量并不准确。
But in recent year, many researchers observed that the expression of housekeeping gene was not stable at all conditions.
由此可推测，持家基因S23及L35在脊椎动物的进化过程中如同奢侈基因一样，也发生了倍增。
It is clear that the housekeeping genes like S23 and L35 had undergone a large-scale duplication in the vertebrate lineage, just like luxury genes.
三个时期中表示子代和亲本都表达的类型(MONO)比例次之，这些共同表达的基因可能多为持家基因，为水稻生长发育所必需。
The proportion of all expressed (MONO) between progeny and parents is the second in three different developmental periods. These genes may be necessary for rice growth in all developmental periods.
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