工匠们对玻璃进行试验，为了找到更好地折射光线的方法，在摆弄工艺的过程中发明出了显微镜和望远镜。
Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.
折射光线的折射率因此在各个方向不同。
The index of refraction for the extraordinary ray is therefore a function of direction.
在显微镜下可以看出，翠鸟羽毛那华丽的蓝色是通过折射光线而形成的。
Light scatters prismatically in microscopic feather structures to create the kingfisher's brilliant blue.
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