以两个问题的程序开发为例说明了程序的形式推导方法的使用。

This paper presents the steps of the formal derivation method of programs by the development of two problems.

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认为，常规含意是指不依赖语境而根据特定语言表达形式推导出的含意。

Grice (1957) defined conventional implicatures as inferences that are simply attached by convention to particular lexical items or expressions.

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能否实现复杂算法程序的规范证明和形式推导是检验某种形式化方法有无生命力的重要标志。

Whether the standard proof and formal derivation of the complex algorithmicprograms can be implemented is an important sign for checking if a formal method has vitality.

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So it's a really powerful and simple formalism, once we set up what is needed the go through it, right?

因此这是一种很强大而简单的形式,一旦我们定下需要什么,就可以推导出它，对吧？

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So this isn't the most useful form that we can have, but what we'll see shortly is that from this, we can then derive further criteria for essentially any set of variables or any set of external constraints, like constant temperature or pressure or volume and so forth that we might set.

所以这不是我们所能得到的最有用的形式，但是我们会很快看到，我们能够进一步推导出包含任意变量,或者任意约束的自发过程判断标准，比如说恒定的温度，压强,体积或者其他我们能够给出的约束。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选