1964年，理查德·霍加特教授在伯明翰大学成立了当代文化研究中心，成为文化研究建制化的标志。
The founding of the Center for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) at the University of Birmingham by Richard Hoggart in 1964 marks the establishment of cultural studies as a discipline.
第五部分，则参考了国外刑罚的构建制度，结合中国的具体环境，提出了具体实现刑罚轻缓化的途径。
In the Fifth part, the writer references foreign penalty system and puts forward concrete methods in light of China's specific environment, to realize the goal of light punishment.
在泰国的历史上，封建制度的基础是一种土地国有制或王有制，最高土地所有者被认为是国家，而国王就是国家的人格化。
In the history of the Qin State, the feudal system was based on the states or kings ownership of land, that is, the supreme land owner was the state while the king was its personification.
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