供应商负责管理库存，并承担商品库存持有成本及需求波动的风险。
The supplier is given the responsibility of managing the customer's stock, and suffers the inventory costs and bears the risk of uncertain demand.
认为所有未满足的需求销售机会都丢失，零售商既要支付库存持有费用，又要支付缺货损失费用。
The whole unmet demand is lost. The retailers must pay the inventory holding cost and the cost of lost-sales when OOS happens.
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