在分析基础上，提出了漫水丁坝坝头床沙起冲流速的计算办法。

Then, the calculating method of initial scour velocity of bed sand around submerged spur dikes is suggested.

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床沙越粗、组成越不均匀，粗化作用越大，这一临界粒径也越大。

The thicker the sand bed, the non-uniform sand composition, then the larger armouring effect would be and the larger this critical size is correspondingly.

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河道比降、床沙组成是河道边界条件中影响河型形成的最主要因素。

Stream gradient and bed sand constituent are the main factors which is influencing on river pattern formation in the boundary condition.

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One of the great short stories of the last century begins with a sentence by Franz Kafka: "As Gregor Samsa woke one morning from uneasy dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a gigantic insect."

上世纪最伟大的短篇小说之一,弗朗茨·卡夫卡所写的名篇是这样开头的,"一天早晨,格里高尔·萨姆沙,从不安的睡梦中醒来,发现自己躺在床上,变成了一只巨大的甲虫"

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