干旱土是指发育在干旱水分条件下具有干旱表层和任一表下层的土壤。相当于土壤发生学分类中的棕钙土、灰钙土、高山及亚高山草原土、灰棕漠土、棕漠土。广泛分布于世界干旱半干旱地区。中国在年降水量小于350mm地区广为发育。植被为旱生丛生禾草，旱生和超旱生小半灌木及灌木，覆盖度1%～5%，干旱程度愈高的地区植被愈稀疏，总生物量随降水量减少而降低。
沙土是存在于干旱、半干旱地区的一种特殊性土，其岩土工程性质与风沙环境紧密相关。
As a kind of special soil, aeolian sandy soil mainly lies in arid and semiarid areas where sand drift activity is very strong.
并参考农业土壤学中的含水量分布曲线法解决了干旱盐渍土地区非均质成层土中的毛管水上升高度的测定方法问题。
Also by reference to the moisture distribution curve method existing in agrology a method for measuring the capillary ascension height in stratified ground is developed.
该区主要立地特点是干旱、土薄、养分贫乏。
The main site characters are drought, thin soil and lack of adequate nutrition.
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