嚈哒部族强盛时期的疆域,正好是大部分希腊巴克特里亚王国和印度希腊王国(Indo-Greek Kingdom)的疆域。嚈哒部族应该是亚历山大时代古希腊人和当地游牧部族的混血后裔。
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这些幸存下来的希腊王国逐渐地被不断扩张的罗马帝国吞并。
Then, slowly, the surviving Hellenistic kingdoms were swallowed by the expanding Roman empire.
从公元前180年起,来自中亚的一系列入侵不断出现,随之连续成立了印度希腊人、印度斯基台人和印度帕提亚人的王国。
From 180 BC, a series of invasions from Central Asia followed, with the successive establishment of the Indo-Greek, Indo-Scythian and Indo-Parthian kingdoms, and finally the Kushan Empire.
这里的众神合一和王室血统可以溯源到希腊和波斯两个系列的传说中去,这一点反映了这一王国文化的双重起源。
The syncretism of its pantheon, and the lineage of its kings, which can be traced back through two sets of legends, Greek and Persian, is evidence of the dual origin of this kingdom's culture.
But for now all you need to know is - that these four different kingdoms-- one was where we now have Greece, another one was where Syria is, another was Egypt, and then there was another further north, but that's not as important for us.
不过目前你们只需要知道,这四个不同的王国-,一个是当今的希腊,一个是当今的叙利亚,一个是埃及,还有一个在更北面的地方,不过对我们来说不是很重要。
The records make it perfectly clear that the kingdoms of Pylos and Knossos were bureaucratic monarchies of a type unexpected in Greece, but in many ways similar to some contemporary and earlier kingdoms in the eastern Mediterranean.
记录清晰地表明皮洛斯和,科索诺斯王国,是不同于希腊的君主专制政体,但在很多地方类似于,一些同期和早期的地中海东部的王国
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