希腊化可以说是古代地中海世界的“全球化”时代。“希腊化”一般指马其顿亚历山大征服后的北非、西亚、中亚和希腊世界,包括他去世后建立的三个王朝,即公元前334年至公元前1世纪。希腊化时期处于边缘地位的周边落后民族迅速崛起,文化交往从以往的单向性发展为双向性,文明中心迁移至欧亚大陆交界处和两河流域的新兴大城市或首都。希腊化促进了东西方宗教的融合及世界宗教和中东文明圈的形成。
斯多亚主义是希腊化时期最重要、最有影响的哲学思潮。
Stoicism was a philosophical movement which was the most important and influential in Hellenistic time.
希腊化时期是历史上人类文明或文化的第一次大规模的交流与汇合。
The period of Hellenism was the first large-scale interchanges of human civilization.
故其功利观念不同于古代希腊化时期的快乐学派,也不同于其后边沁等功利主义学人。
Therefore, its utility is different from the ancient Greek concept of happiness during the school, but also different from the later utilitarianism of Bentham and other scholars.
For us, we can start not so all the way back at Classical Greece, but with Alexander the Great, and the beginning of Hellenization; that is, the Grecization of the eastern part of the Ancient Mediterranean.
我们不必追溯到古典希腊时期,而从亚历山大大帝及希腊化初始讲起;,就是古代地中海东部地区的希腊化。
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