在宋代，供广大市民阶级娱乐之用的市井音乐的兴起使宋代与前代的音乐相比具有了鲜明的时代特色。

In Song Dynasty, the rising of town music for the amusement of the city class was characterized by a distinctive times style or flavor contrast to the former times.

youdao

而德国社会中贵族对于市民的压制，使市民阶级只能假道于文学来建构自我意识及民族意识，以“文化修养”来提升自己的价值。

Thus the German bourgeois class could only turn to literature for aid in constructing self-consciousness and national consciousness and enhancing their worth by "cultural refinement".

youdao

几乎所有城镇的中产阶级市民们聚集在一起讨论商业观念。

Middle-class citizens in almost every city and town gathered to discuss business ideas.

youdao

Bourgeois and burghers, as I said last time, are urban residents who are losing their privileges on the continent to big-time absolute states.

中产阶级和市民,正如我上次所讲的,这些城市居民是那些在欧洲大陆,被绝对主义国家剥夺权利的人

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选