第1级将第0级的实体(如运营)细化为更为具体的功能领域，如客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management, CRM)、服务管理和资源管理。

Level 1 refines the level 0 entities, such as operations, into more specific functional areas, such as customer relationship management (CRM), service management, and resource management.

youdao

项目组合管理是一个为了设立谁开展了什么工作而需要具体的组织实体和个人角色的定义和实现的规程。

Portfolio management is a discipline which requires the definition and implementation of specific organizational entities and individual roles in order to establish who carries on what work effort.

youdao

执行治理的某个方面的具体的或聚焦的权利是委派给这些实体或职能部门的。

Specific or focused authority to exercise an aspect of governance is delegated to these entities or functions.

youdao

What we're really getting at is the idea of saying I want to have a way of grouping together information into units that make sense. So I can go back to one of those topics we had at the beginning, which is the idea of abstraction, that I can create one of those units as a simple entity, bury away the details and write really modular code.

组合成为有意义的单元,那么这就让我们回到,一开始讲的话题之一了,这就是抽象的概念,也就是我可以以一个简单的，实体的形式创建这样的一个单元，把具体实现隐藏然后写一些,真正模块化的代码,我们在以后的课程中。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选