它使用定量数据和数学模型作为分析工具，研究这些人口在过去、现在和未来的情况。
It studies these populations in the past, present and future using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis.
它使用定量数据和数学模型作为分析工具，研究这些物体在过去、现在和未来的数量。
It studies these populations, in the past, present and future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis.
不幸的是，使用简单的定量指标来评估研究人员的价值的长期成本可能是相当大的。
Unfortunately the long-term costs of using simple quantitative metrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great.
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