北宋时期的石介、胡瑗、孙复被称为理学三先生，但实际的开创者为北宋五子，即邵雍、周敦颐、张载、程颢、程颐。周敦颐为宋代理学的开山祖，他将道家无为思想和儒家中庸思想加以融合，阐述了理学的基本概念与思想体系。邵雍是先天象数之学的创始人，并使之成为理学思想体系的重要内容。张载则发展了气一元论思想，为古代中国辩证法两一学说的集成者。
兼爱说所内涵的普遍人性理念和天地人一体的思想实际上已被宋代理学家融摄。
The idea of the universal human nature and of the integrated whole of heaven, earth and man embodied in fraternity has been adopted by the idealist philosophy of Confucianism during the Song Dynasty.
本文论述了宋代理学家胡寅在揭批宋释仁赞鼓吹的各种邪说的过程中所取得的逻辑成就。
In this thesis, I have discussed what the philosopher Hu Yin's had got the logical achievements while he criticized some heretical beliefs advocated by the Buddhist monk Ren Zan in Song dynasty.
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