对目前国内外壳聚糖季铵盐的制备方法加以介绍，并比较了它们的优缺点。
The preparation methods of quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan at home and abroad, meanwhile were introduced, and heir advantages and shortcomings were compared.
烷基铵盐改性黏土的研究近年来引起了国内外学者的广泛关注，双价季铵盐的开发和利用为改性黏土的制备与性能研究开辟了新途径。
The development and application of bis-quaternary ammonium salts opened a new way for the preparation and the property research of modified clays.
研究表明，采用天然钙基膨润土通过钠化提纯、季铵盐有机改性的方法，可以制备出性能优良的有机膨润土。
Results indicated that organic bentonite could be prepared firstly by Na-modification and then by quaternary ammonium treatment.
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