使用 PreparedStatement 的那种代码片段在编码方面更为优雅，因为在将 STATE 和 TYPE 的值置入 SQL 语句时，不需要进行字符串运算。

The variant with the PreparedStatement is more elegant regarding the coding, as no string arithmetic is required to put the values for STATE and TYPE in the SQL statement.

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强烈推荐对所有字符串比较使用“显式设置大小写的”运算对象，因为这样可以确保无论用户选项设置如何变化，脚本都可以可靠地执行。

Using the "explicitly cased" operators for all string comparisons is strongly recommended, because they ensure that scripts behave reliably regardless of variations in the user's option Settings.

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从设计的角度看，有些其他的选择是有问题的；例如，使用字符串来承载运算符就有可能出现小的输入错误，最终会导致结果不正确。

From a design perspective, some other choices are questionable; for example, the use of Strings to hold the operators opens up the possibility of small typos leading to erroneous results.

youdao

You're going to get a chance to explore them, and you'll see not only are there the standard numerics for strings, there are things like length or plus or other things you can do with them.

以后你们还会学到更多，你会学到字符串,不仅仅能运用标准数值运算，你还可以对他们求长度,或者加上其他的东西。

麻省理工公开课 - 计算机科学及编程导论课程节选