孔尚任（1648~1718年），字聘之，又字季重，号东塘，别号岸堂，自称云亭山人。山东曲阜人，孔子六十四代孙，清初诗人、戏曲作家，继承了儒家的思想传统与学术，自幼即留意礼、乐、兵、农等学问，还考证过乐律，为以后的戏曲创作打下了音乐知识基础。世人将他与《长生殿》作者洪升并论，称“南洪北孔”。
而这种结局正好反映着孔尚任晚年的人生归宿由儒向道的思想转化。
This outcome reflects the life goal of Kong Shang-ren's later years by the ideological transformation of Confucianism to Taoism.
《桃花扇》中，侯朝宗、杨龙友和阮大铖等文人作为一个整体都是孔尚任的反思对象。
In Peach Blossom Fan, such men of letters as Hou Chaozong, Yang Longyou and Ruan Dacheng as a group were whom Kong Shangren tried to rethink.
笔者认为有三个原因：因为曲阜孔府衍圣公家爱好和重视戏曲，对孔尚任有较大影响；
There are three reasons:the fact that the Sacred Family of the Confucian Mansion in Qufu liked and valued operas had a great influence on him;
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