但是这类合金在使用中也产生了不少材料科学方面的问题，如相变点、淬透性、疲劳寿命等。

However, in the use of these alloys, there are some problems of material science which should be solved, such as phase change temperature, hardenability and fatigue life.

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目前人们发现了几十种无机液晶物质，其中绝大多数液晶物质表现出各向同性相—向列相相变，如V_2O_5、勃姆石等；

Up to now, there have been hands of mineral liquid crystalline materials, and mostly show isotropic-nematic phase transition, such as V_2O_5, boehmite.

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第二类是潜热，即引起流体相变所需的热量，如沸腾和凝析。

The second is latent heat, the energy required to effect a change in phase of a fluid, as in boiling or condensing.

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