三大航空集团的网络从单一枢纽为主向多枢纽转变，轴辐式结构更加明晰；
The networks of the "Big Three" are now shifting from single hub to multi-hubs and the adoption of hub-and-spoke structure becomes more obvious.
为了描述多枢纽选址与混合网络设计综合优化问题，引入了双层规划模型建立数学模型。
To express integrated optimization of multiple hubs location and mixed network design, a bi-level programming model was introduced for mathematical models.
当欧洲主要的航空公司关注于它们的枢纽机场，阿联酋航空公司却积极寻找二级市场，如曼彻斯特，格拉斯哥，汉堡和杜塞尔多夫。
While Europe's flag carriers concentrated on their hubs, Emirates sought secondary markets such as Manchester, Glasgow, Hamburg and Dusseldorf.
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