解决问题的有效途径是将知识溢出效应的外部性内在化，通过某种方式将外部收益或成本内含于某种经济关系中。
It is an effective solution of solving problem that making the eternalness of knowledge-spilling effect intrinsic and containing eternal profit or cost in certain economic relation.
此外，外部顾问，如投资银行，都有建议公司发行债券以及进行收购的动机，这两项都能给其带来收益。
Moreover, outside advisers, such as investment Banks, have an incentive to recommend debt issuance and acquisitions, both of which generate fees.
社会边际成本——每增加一单位的资源使得社会收益增大的生产成本。总体包括个人边际成本加外部边际成本。
Social marginal cost — the cost of producing an additional unit of the resource that is borne by society at large. Generally includes private marginal costs plus external marginal costs.
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