基因表达模式(patterns of gene expression)受细胞物质外基因所控。外基因，高于基因，通俗点说，基因之外(前缀epi -，意即上面)。

These patterns of gene expression are governed by the cellular material - the epigenome - that sits on top of the genome, just outside it (hence the prefix epi -, which means above).

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细胞外RNA是存在于细胞外以结合或游离形式存在的一类RNA分子，它不仅在生命过程中起着非常重要的作用，而且可以作为疾病诊断有力的分子标志。

Extracellular RNA is a group of RNA that is bound or free, which can not only play an important role in life, but also be the useful molecular markers for disease diagnosis.

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质外体在细胞间的通讯及识别上有重要意义，质外体信号分子对植物细胞的生长发育也起着非常重要的作用。

The apoplast is of essential significance in cell communication and identification; the apoplast signal molecules, too, plays an important role in the growth and development of plant cells.

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The extracellular matrix or the collagen gel gives the tissue integrity, and in part, determines its mechanical properties.

细胞外基质或者说胶原蛋白凝胶,使组织成为一个整体,在某种程度上,决定了组织的机械性能

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You could distinguish between some properties of these processes that extend out, in that most of them are what are called dendrites.

你可以分辨出细胞体,所向外伸展的突起之间的,某些不同性质,大部分突起都属于树突

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So inside the cell mostly water, outside the cell mostly water, but I need to separate my water from the water outside.

那么细胞内大多是水,细胞外大多也是水,但我需要将体内的和体外的水隔离开

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