通过外基因标记（epigenetic marks）作用于基因，环境等后天因素比如饮食，压力，孕期营养，就会影响下一代。
It is through epigenetic marks that environmental factors like diet, stress and prenatal nutrition can make an imprint on genes that is passed from one generation to the next.
但同细胞核转基因一样，叶绿体转基因也存在抗生素标记的生物安全性和外源基因的过量表达对植物正常生长发育的影响的问题。
But the same as nuclear transformation, plastid transformation also has the problems of bio-safety of antibiotic markers and development obstacles due to the overexpression of foreign gene.
结果表明，外源基因转化球孢白僵菌原生质体时，可以以抗除草剂基因为转化筛选标记。
The results indicated that herbicide resistant gene should be used as a selection marker gene in protoplast genetic transformation of B. bassiana.
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