对土砂石等天然建筑材料进行开采、装料、运输、卸料、铺散、压实的工程。水利工程中，土石方建筑主要用于修筑渠堤、堤防、土石围堰、土石坝等建筑物。要求根据地形、土料性质、土层分布、工程性质、质量要求、工期、工程量、运距、机械性能等，合理布置施工场地、道路，选择机型、机械数量，各工序衔接配套，保证工程质量，高效率、低成本地组织施工。
本文对面板堆石坝的施工分期、土石方平衡、料场选择和填筑工艺作了阐述，也对施工进度作了说明。
Construction stages and progress, equilibrium of earth-rock, selection of quarries as well as filling process is described in the paper.
就路基填筑、填土规划、填筑技术、土石方挖方地段顶面处理，对防止铁路路基贴薄层现象的发生进行了阐述。
The paper describes railway bed filling, building technique and soil or rock engineering and prevention of thin sticking layer on railway bed.
通过对土石方调配系统组成、调配关系的系统分析，在考虑开挖、填筑、借土区、弃土区、废料调配的前提下，以系统费用最低为目标，建立了道路工程土石方优化调配线性规划模型。
Linear optimization is often used in the calculation of earth adaptation, the calculation is a huge operation by human if there are many excavation areas and placement areas in it.
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