第一种，直接回弹效应，这包括由于节油汽车运行成本低，车主更乐意频繁驾驶。
The first, direct effects, include people who drive more regularly because their fuel-efficient cars are cheaper to run.
回弹效应的首次提出是在19世纪，但之前很少有关于该效应影响程度的研究。
The rebound effect was first proposed in the 19th century but, until now, there has been very little research on how significant it might be.
回弹效应指个体行为或者系统针对缓和环境影响的政策所做出的反应，这种反应会抵消政策和技术的效用。
The rebound effect refers to a behavioral or other systemic response to a measure taken to reduce environmental impacts that offsets the effect of the measure.
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