... contracting operator 收缩算子 Contracting Frictions 契约磨擦 ; 左券磨擦 contracting institutions 合约制度 ...
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总价合约公开竞投制度 competitive lump sum fee bid system
但是我们认为企业与审场的区别不仅在于交易内容不同而且还在于合约制度上的差异。
However, we think that the difference between the enterprise and the market is not only the difference of trade contents but also the difference of contracting system.
对技术创新激励机制进行系统地研究，从专利制度、奖励制度和合约制度三个方面研究了技术创新激励。
This article does research on the incentive mechanism for the technology innovation, which includes patent system, awarding institution and contract institution.
这种临时性合约和刚性的工资制度一起影响着西班牙的生产效率。
The impact on Spain’s productivity is compounded by rigid wage rules.
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