不适当取样是指抽到的细胞数量太少，而判读不易或完全无法判读；有时还会有取样错误 (sampling error) 的情况，也就是抽到的细胞数量虽然够多，却是抽到病灶旁边的细胞。
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除了取样错误之外，问题之文字表述、实际执行之困难亦会造成错误或偏诱，以致结果失真。
In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of public opinion polls.
这组人员更常见的辩解是，科研工作是如此的困难——取样大，分析难——以至于大多数成果最终得出的结论是错误的。
The group's more general argument is that scientific research is so difficult-the sample sizes must be big and the analysis rigorous-that most research may end up being wrong.
该类型的不匹配产生的主要问题是在运行时会产生失败，但也不会一直失败，这使得取样测试(sniff test)可能会遗漏错误。
The major issue with this type of mismatch is that the failure happens at run time and will not consistently fail, making it possible for a sniff test to miss the problem.
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