如果你把它们展开，你会发现它们含有特定的基因，特定的 DNA 序列，这些基因序列有助于决定身体细胞的发育。

If you stretch them out you will find they contain certain genes, certain sequences of DNA that help determine how the cells of the body will develop.

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最成功的陆生植物群体是那些进化出了受精性细胞散布方法的群体，这些方法不依赖于水和防止发育中的胚胎干涸的结构。

The most successful groups of land plants are those that evolved methods of fertilized sex cell dispersal that are independent of water and structures that protest developing embryos from drying out.

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当我们了解了更多关于人类细胞的 DNA，以及它是如何控制细胞的生长和发育的，那么也许我们可以解释一个非常重要的观察结果。

As we learn more about the DNA in human cells and how it controls the growth and development of cells, then maybe we can explain a very important observation.

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What's a physical mechanism that could lead to differences between these two cells at this very early stage of development?

什么样的生理机制导致细胞,在发育伊始就产生这些差异

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

These are cells that I that were obtained either from a more developed embryo, past the blastocyst stage.

这些细胞是我从,发育的更成熟的一些胚胎中提取的,这些胚胎已经过了囊胚期了

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

This process of cell proliferation or cell division is, of course, very important during development of an embryo.

细胞增殖和分裂的过程,在胚胎发育中至关重要

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选