科学家研究了约100名荷兰健康孕妇和胎儿，测量胎儿如何回应反复刺激的变化。

The scientists studied about 100 healthy pregnant Dutch women and their fetuses, measuring changes in how the fetus responds to repeated stimulation.

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他们的研究显示涉及钙离子的基因表达对于尼古丁或可卡因反复刺激后的神经塑性形成所需要。

Their study shows that the expression of genes involved in calcium signaling is required to induce plasticity in nerve cells after repeated stimulation with nicotine or cocaine.

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结论：适当低浓度酒精反复刺激可以促进胃粘膜的细胞更新并引起大鼠胃粘膜的适应性细胞保护作用。

Conclusion: Appropriate stimulus with the low concentration ethanol may enhance the cell turnover of gastric mucosa and lead to an adaptive cytoprotection in the rat gastric mucosa.

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So, the idea here is, repeated pairings of the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus will give rise to the response.

这里的意思是说，无条件刺激与条件刺激的反复匹配,会引起条件反应。

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When the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus are brought together over and over and over again, pretty soon the conditioned stimulus gives rise to the response.

当条件刺激与非条件刺激,同时且多次反复出现，条件刺激很快也能引起条件反应。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选