Dc = 0.89λ /(B cos θ)(λ为X 射线波长, B为衍射峰半高宽, θ 为衍射角) 双线法（Williams-Hall）测定金属晶体中旳微观应力 晶块尺寸小于0.1μm，且有不均匀应变时衍射线宽化。
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提出了在双线法试验中应注意的几个方面 ：1）加荷等级的选取 ；
The following aspects are raised to see to in bifilar experiment: 1) the selection of adding particle rate;
对IIR的脉冲响应不变法、阶跃响应不变法、双线性变换法和直接设计法进行研究，得出IIR难以满足要求的结论。
For IIR, after researching Pulse Response Method, Step Response Method, Bilinear Transform Method, Direct Design Method, it is found that IIR is unsatisfactory.
文中用逼近法和双线性变换法，设计了用于圆度测量的高斯数字逼近滤波器，并给出了零相移的递归滤波算法，计算量小，计算效率高，易于实现。
A series of Gaussian digital approximation filters used in roundness measurement were designed on the basis of approximation method and bilinear transformation.
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