For nondegenerate conjugated polymers, the carriers are polarons or bipolarons In relation to the length of the polymers the manner and the concentration of the redoxed charges.
在基态非简并体系中，根据聚合物链的长度，掺杂电荷的方式以及掺杂电荷的浓度等条件的不同，在掺杂电荷的聚合物链中可能产生极化子，也可能产生双极化子。
参考来源 - 齐分子PTV及共聚物·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
在量子点中，适当的约束势有利于双极化子的形成。
The effects of the confinement on bipolarons are different in quantum wells, quantum wires or quantum dots.
假设自旋极化子和不带自旋的双极化子为有机半导体中的载流子。
Self-trapped states, such as spin polarons as well as spinless bipolarons are assumed to be the main carriers in organic semiconductors.
本文用量子化学的PPP法讨论了双极化子的稳定构型，得到了较好的结果。
In this paper, we calculate the stable configuration of the bipolaron with PPP method, and gain a good result.
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